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Under the commune system, thefarmers were encouraged to cultivate land collectively and not individually. That is, the farmers were encouraged to combine their individual plots of land and perform farming collectively. The basic objective of the system was to enable the farmers to reap the benefits of large scale production.

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Under the commune system, the farmers were encouraged to cultivate land collectively and not individually. That is, the farmers were encouraged to combine their individual plots of land and perform farming collectively. The basic objective of the system was to enable the farmers to reap the benefits of large scale production.

Each commune was organized into progressively larger units: production teams, production brigades, and the commune itself. As a basic unit of China鈥檚 socialist system, the commune reflected the often abrupt changes in political and economic policy after 1949.

The commune of China is more strictly organized than the Soviet collective farm, including a wider range of activities, putting greater emphasis on communal living and including nonagricultural workers. Collectivization of agriculture in China began in 1955; by 1956, 96% of all farming households were included in cooperatives.

As a basic unit of China鈥檚 socialist system, the commune reflected the often abrupt changes in political and economic policy after 1949. While the commune鈥檚 trilevel structure was retained, constant conflict revolved around the issues of local decision making, ownership of private plots of land, and payment of wages.